“Little Albert,” the baby behind John Watson's famous 1920 emotional conditioning experiment at Johns Hopkins University, has been identified as Douglas Merritte, the son of a wetnurse named Arvilla Merritte who lived and worked at a campus hospital at the time of the experiment — receiving $1 for her baby's participation. Its claims, conclusions, and the violation of a large number of rules made it very controversial. Psychologists believe that humans aren't born with fear, they acquire it through various stages in life which means fear is learned. But what happens next made the experiment a staple of psychology textbooks and brought it into the pantheon of unethical scientific research.Dr. More specifically, he would instill a phobia of furry animals in Little Albert.First, he and his graduate assistant, Rosalie Rayner, had to determine that Little Albert was not already afraid of them. Then they sent Albert home for a week. Building off of Pavlov’s work proving that you could “hardwire” certain behaviors into dogs, Watson suspected that the same would apply to humans. Watson was married and having an affair with the graduate student, Rosalie Rayner, who helped him with the Little Albert experiment. Since Little Albert had watched the animals with interest and in some cases tried to touch them, he clearly wasn’t. For the sake of privacy, Watson had referred to the baby as “Albert B.” Because researchers knew his approximate birth date and that Little Albert’s mother was a nurse at Johns Hopkins, they were able to whittle the potential Little Alberts down to two.Watson’s career ended in scandal, but not over the ethics of creating phobias in children. As they expected, Little Albert’s fear transferred to other furry objects, even a fur coat. When he came back, they started over again, startling Little Albert as they brought out the animals. Behaviorism Little Albert Experiment Pavlov's Dogs Edward Thorndike Social Learning Theory Bobo Doll Study Behavioral Therapy Some Practical Applications of Classical Conditioning Finding Little Albert Classical Conditioning John Watson and Little Emotional Albert Operant Conditioning John Watson was a psychologist and considered the father of behaviorism. John Broadus Watson, född 9 januari 1878, död 25 september 1958, var en amerikansk psykolog och professor vid Johns Hopkins University 1908 … One can well imagine why this could be considered unethical because if you imagine that little baby pouting and traumatised with such an incident then you will understand why I would consider Watson a deplorable man. One such behavioral psychologist was John .B.Watson who in order to prove this theory in 1920 went on to conduct one of the most unethical experiments in the USA. This made the child cry each time he heard the noise. Albert’s real name was unknown. - Last update on December 25, 2018 By Dr. Artour Rakhimov, Alternative Health Educator and Author Among all psychological studies, the Little Albert experiment (article’s URL is below), conducted by Dr. John B. Watson, APA (American Psychological Association) President, and Rosalie Rayner in 1920, is the most widely cited experiment in psychological textbooks. Forced out of the profession, Watson became an advertising executive and, with Rayner, penned a wildly popular child-rearing As a baseline series of tests, the child was exposed to items like burning newspapers, a rat, Watson’s hair, a monkey, a mask, a rabbit and  a white rat. He He decided to test his theory about conditioning by manufacturing a phobia in an infant. The child showed no fear to any of these sometimes even reaching for  them. After repeating this act several times, Little Albert soon began to cry immediately upon seeing the rat. Pavlov used the same method he had used with dogs.The second stage of the experiment involved Watson associating fear with the objects. Each time Albert was exposed to the white rat, Watson banged a hammer against a metal pipe making a loud disturbing sound. The aim of the experiment was to create or condition a fear within the child of these very same items.


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