He greatly angered Henry by opposing to the coronation of Prince Henry. Author of www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/middle_ages/henryii_character_01.shtml The next year, he succeeded his … Thomas Beckett, Henry's close friend and chancellor since 1155, was named Archbishop of Canterbury in June 1162 but distanced himself from Henry and vehemently opposed the weakening of church courts. Virtually any topic for the virtual learner. At the encouragement - and sometimes because of the treatment - of their mother, they rebelled against their father several times, often with Louis VII of France as their accomplice. Trial by Jury became a safer alternative to Ordeals which could result in injury or death. He refined Norman government and created a capable, self-standing bureaucracy. Henry II, born in 1133, was invested as Duke of Normandy in 1150. Henry II, King of England, Lord of Ireland, Duke of Normandy and Aquitaine, Count of Anjou and Maine also known as Curtmantle, Henry FitzEmpress and Henry Plantagenet. Henry endured a rather limited storm of protest over the incident and the controversy passed. By this point King Stephen is eager to bring an end to the long conflict. Henry of Normandy (1155-1183) 2. Regius Professor of Modern History, University of Cambridge, 1954–63. He reigned from 1154 to 1189 and founded the Plantagenet dynasty of English rulers. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.Henry II was king of England from 1154 to 1189.

Young Henry never ruled and is not in the list of the kings and queens of England; he became known as Henry and his wife, Eleanor of Aquitaine, had five sons and three daughters: William, Henry, Henry also had many children outside of his marriage, including William de Longespee, Earl of Salisbury, whose mother was Ida, Countess of Norfolk; Geoffrey, Archbishop of York, son of a woman named Ykenai; Morgan, Bishop of Durham; and Matilda, Abbess of Barking.

Henry II was king of England from 1154 to 1189. Henry had constant struggles and battles against the French King Weak, ill and deserted by all except an illegitimate son, Henry died in France in 1189 aged 56. The church courts instituted by William the Conqueror became a safe haven for criminals of varying degree and ability, for one in fifty of the English population qualified as clerics. Unauthorized castles built during the previous reign were razed. Of his five sons, only After receiving a good literary education, part of it in England, Henry became duke of Normandy in 1150 and count of Anjou, Maine, and The young king lacked visible majesty. He inherited the duchy of Normandy in 1150; succeeded his father as count of Anjou, Maine, and Touraine in 1151; and in 1152, marrying Determined to assert his rights in all his lands, Henry II reasserted the centralized power of his grandfather, Henry II’s plans to divide the Angevin “empire” among his sons led to many quarrels and wars.

. First, he retrieved Cumbria and Northumbria from English and Norman barons in Stephen's reign manipulated feudal law to undermine royal authority; Henry instituted many reforms to weaken traditional feudal ties and strengthen his position. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica.Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. King Henry acquired most of the Continental possessions that would expand the kingdom of England before he became king in 1154. King Henry II was the first Plantaganet King of England, famous for his stormy relationship with Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury. Of stocky build, with freckled face, close-cut tawny hair, and gray eyes, he dressed carelessly and grew to be bulky; but his personality commanded attention and drew men to his service. Britannica Premium: Serving the evolving needs of knowledge seekers. Henry II 1154-89 Parentage and Early Life. Henry was technically a feudal vassal of the king of France but, in reality, owned more territory and was more powerful than his French lord. The Exchequer was revitalized to enforce accurate record keeping and tax collection.

He came to the throne amid the anarchy of Stephen's reign and promptly collared his errant barons. His marriage in 1152 gave him control of the Duchy of Aquitaine.

In 1170, Henry and Eleanor's fifteen-year-old son, Henry, was crowned king (another reason for Henry's arguing with Thomas Becket, who did not agree with the Henry being crowned). This was the way that laws would be applied in the same way in all towns and villages, so everyone was treated the same and with fairness. Henry's many innovations in civil and Building upon the earlier tradition of the inquest, Henry issued several assizes, or ordinances, that introduced the procedures that eventually developed into the Henry's expansion of royal justice did, however, bring him into conflict with All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. Henry wished to transfer sentencing in such cases to the royal courts, as church courts merely demoted clerics to laymen.

Henry II of England (1133-1189) 2. His various other titles included Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Nantes, and Lord of Ireland. Henry had an enormous impact on Law and Order.

Henry II died two days later, on July 6, 1189. Image from

Henry's systematic approach to law provided a common basis for development of royal institutions throughout the entire realm.

The continental empire ruled by Henry and his sons included the French counties of Brittany, Maine, Poitou, Touraine, Gascony, Anjou, Aquitane, and Normandy. His quarrels with the archbishop of Canterbury, Henry, who was the duke of Aquitaine, had a claim to the English throne, and he invaded England in 1153.

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